To be more precise, treatment is proceeded to the genetic level of the individual with the help of gene therapy. Thus, the abnormal genes responsible for causing ailments are rectified by inserting new genes, repairing the defective genes or removing problematic genes, so as to restore normal functioning of the bodily systems. Gene therapy is defined as the aspect of therapeutic intervention, which involves the introduction of specific genes in a patient’s cell with the help of vectors (specially viruses) or repairing the faulty genes. Examples of the same are sickle-cell anemia, hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, Alzheimer’s disease and Down’s syndrome amongst others. These in turn result in genetic disorders. If there is an aberration in the sequence, the consequences are synthesis of unusual proteins, or no protein production. The sequence of nucleotides in the gene determines which type of protein is to be produced in what quantity. In a cell, it is the stretch of DNA or gene that directs synthesis of specific proteins for cell expression and functioning. Based on which cell is involved in the procedure, there are two different types of gene therapy. It is amazing to know that defective DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of a patient suffering from genetic diseases can be replaced or repaired to treat underlying medical problems. The advancement of medical science has made it possible to treat some of the irreversible, life-threatening diseases, both in humans and animals.
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May 2023
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